Korean female participation in economic activity shows M-shaped employment participation curve, which marked wide gap of employment between the married and the unmarried. Also, this curve illustrates women of child-bearing and nurturing age is excluded from labor market. There are notable features representing these current statues, such as ① Return to temporary employment from permanent one due to the childcare ②Rise in opportunity cost of child-birth and nurture ③Increase in number of elite working woman with high income.

Maintaining workforce for long-term economy growth would be major challenge so as to enhance both driving force for growth and national competitiveness, as long as we consider issue of female labor force participation and fertility rate in aging society of tomorrow. However, policy-based approach toward working woman is relatively insufficient, because purpose and target of childcare policy are categorized by child character and income.

Therefore, aside from general supporting policy like child support, childcare policy should be systemized by differentiated way of boosting women’s economic activity and fertility rate. As Employer-supported child care a center has been expanded, operating child center in an efficient manner would be crucial at this point. Similar efforts go for providing flexible work hours and part-time worker at the same time, in order to stimulate re-employment and to keep career path continued.