Recently, major countries have set higher targets to reduce emissions with carbon neutrality as their aim. They have strengthened efforts to respond to climate change by using carbon pricing and the like. Carbon pricing is a policy tool to reduce emissions by putting a price on carbon emissions based on the polluter pays principle. It usually takes the form of a carbon tax or an emissions trading scheme (ETS). The OECD advises putting post-pandemic recovery packages on a greener path and sending stronger carbon price signals. This report examines the carbon pricing system in major countries that focused on responding to climate change ahead of Korea and identifies policy implications.